Seizures in pets can be frightening for any pet owner. Understanding the causes, knowing how to respond during an episode, and planning for long-term care are essential to keeping your dog or cat safe. At 108 Avenue Animal Hospital, we provide guidance and treatment to help manage seizures effectively.
What Causes Seizures in Pets
Seizures occur due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain. The causes can vary widely and may include:
- Idiopathic Epilepsy: A common cause in dogs and sometimes cats, where seizures occur without a known underlying disease.
- Brain Tumors or Injuries: Tumors, head trauma, or strokes can trigger seizure activity.
- Toxins or Poisoning: Ingesting toxic substances, such as certain plants, medications, or chemicals, can cause seizures.
- Metabolic Disorders: Low blood sugar, kidney or liver disease, or electrolyte imbalances can lead to seizures.
- Infections: Bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections affecting the brain can result in seizures.
- Genetic or Breed Predisposition: Certain breeds, such as Labrador Retrievers, Beagles, or Belgian Tervurens, may have a higher risk of seizures.
Recognizing a Seizure
Seizures can vary in intensity and duration. Common signs include:
- Sudden collapse or loss of consciousness
- Jerking or paddling movements of limbs
- Drooling, foaming at the mouth, or vocalization
- Stiffening or twitching of muscles
- Temporary confusion or disorientation after the episode
Some pets may experience milder seizures called “focal seizures,” which affect only part of the body and may be harder to recognize.
Emergency Response During a Seizure
If your pet has a seizure, staying calm is crucial:
- Move your pet to a safe area away from stairs, furniture, or sharp objects.
- Avoid putting your hands near the mouth to prevent accidental bites.
- Time the seizure. Most last less than two minutes.
- After the seizure, allow your pet to rest and recover in a quiet, comfortable space.
- Contact your veterinarian immediately, especially if the seizure lasts longer than five minutes, occurs repeatedly, or your pet is injured.
Long-Term Management
Depending on the cause and frequency of seizures, your veterinarian may recommend:
- Medication: Anticonvulsant drugs can help reduce the frequency and severity of seizures.
- Regular Monitoring: Keeping a seizure diary helps track patterns, triggers, and treatment effectiveness.
- Addressing Underlying Conditions: If a metabolic disorder, toxin, or infection is identified, treating the underlying cause may reduce seizures.
- Lifestyle Adjustments: Minimizing stress, maintaining a consistent routine, and avoiding known seizure triggers can help manage episodes.
Preventive Measures and Support
While not all seizures can be prevented, certain steps can reduce risk:
- Keep pets away from toxins and unsafe foods or chemicals.
- Maintain routine veterinary checkups to monitor overall health.
- Follow your veterinarian’s treatment plan consistently.
- Educate family members or caregivers on how to respond to seizures safely.
Seizures in pets can be alarming, but with prompt veterinary care, proper emergency response, and long-term management, many pets can live happy, comfortable lives. Understanding the causes and knowing what to do during an episode is key to protecting your furry family member.
For expert guidance and treatment for seizures in pets, contact 108 Avenue Animal Hospital at (604) 581-1108.
